The UK splits ownership of blocks of flats between the individual flats owned by the leaseholder, and the block as a whole owned by a separate company.
Some aspects of this have come in for a lot of criticism recently but most leases define those parts of the building which are the responsibility of individual flat owners - basically inside.
The responsibility of the freeholder is typically external maintenance, roofs, repairs, grounds maintenance, block insurance etc. These are paid for through a service charge levelled on all flat owners - usually equal amounts or flexed depending on the size of the flats.
There is often also a ground rent payable to the owner of the block freehold.
The original rationale for separating the freehold from individual leases was that the freeholder could ensure that each flat met its obigations under the lease - paid their share of service charge, no loud music, no pets, etc etc.
Increasingly ownership of the freehold is seen as just an income stream for an investor, and freeholds are traded as other property. Many are purchased by leaseholders in blocks of flats - it gives them the right to extend leases which may originally have been 99 years, change the terms of the lease, and the ground rent is no longer payable.
You need to read the lease very carefully - I once was part way through the purchase of a buy to let flat. Only on reading the lease carefully was it apparent that the flat could not be sublet!!
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Share of Freehold and Lease new